a. Intersections should be designed with adequate corner sight distance and the area kept free of obstacles. The corner sight distance for arterial streets should be a minimum of four hundred (400) feet for collector and local streets should be a minimum of three hundred (300) feet and two hundred (200) feet respectively.

b. It is desirable for all intersections to meet approximately a ninety (90) degree angle. Skewed intersections should be avoided, and in no case should the angle be less than seventy-five (75) degrees. At street intersections in residential areas the minimum radius of curb return should be twenty (20) feet. In commercial and industrial areas the curb return radius should be not less than thirty (30) feet and, desirably, use should be made of a 3-centered curb of sufficient radii to accommodate the largest vehicles expected.

c. Extensive use of "T" intersections in residential subdivision is strongly recommended. However, offsets of at least one hundred (100) feet between centerline should be provided. In the case of two (2) collector street intersections this offset should be increased in order to allow for left turn storage between intersections.

d. The intersection area and area where vehicles store while waiting to enter the intersection should be designed with a flat grade; the maximum grade on the approach leg should be five (5%) percent.

(R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-33; Ord. 6 PS F-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

Streets normally should be designed with curbs for high utilization of available width, for control of drainage, protection of pedestrians, and for delineation. These curbs should be straight battered with a minimum of six (6) inches exposed to the roadway. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-34; Ord. 6 PSF-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

All entrance and exit driveways shall be located so as to afford maximum safety to, and minimum disruption of, traffic on the street. Where practicable, no part of any driveway entrance or exit to a public street shall be closer than fifty (50) feet to the right-of-way line of any intersecting street. Where the frontage of the lot is too narrow to permit the above distance, the driveway shall be located as far from the intersection as possible but in no case any closer than twenty-five (25) feet from a public pedestrian crosswalk. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-35; Ord. 6 PSF-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

The dimensions of entrances and exit driveways and interior roads shall be adequate to accommodate the volume and character of vehicles anticipated to be using the site, but not wider than necessary to accommodate the volume and character of vehicles anticipated to be using the site, but not wider than necessary to accommodate the expected traffic, at a speed of fifteen (15) miles per hour. All driveways shall require depressed curb construction. All driveways shall conform to the applicable Newark standards. Driveway pavement shall extend to the curb of the street with which it connects.

For driveway construction and design, the standards shall apply as given in Table I, set forth hereinafter:

Sufficient off-street parking shall be required to ensure minimum curb parking. Off-street parking areas shall be designed to permit all vehicles to turn around on the site in order to prevent the necessity of any vehicle backing onto a collector or an arterial street from such site. No required off-street parking space or maneuvering space shall be located within the existing or proposed right-of-way of the street. Off-street parking shall meet the following requirements:

a. The site plan shall provide for sufficient parking spaces, driveways, maneuvering areas and loading zones to meet the requirements of Title XL, Zoning.

b. For all automobile parking the minimum space shall be eight and one-half (8 1/2) inches wide and eighteen (18) feet long. An eight and one-half (8 1/2) foot stall width assumes a clear space on adjacent stalls of the same dimension on both sides. If a stall is located with one (1) side adjacent to a wall or high curb, an additional six (6) inches of width is needed. The minimum stall width, if walls are on both sides, shall be therefore, nine (9) feet. The use of minimum width of eight (8) feet shall be permitted for attendant type parking.

c. An off-street truck loading stall shall have a minimum width of ten (10) feet, a minimum length of forty-five (45) feet and a minimum clear height of fourteen (14) feet.

d. No truck parking or loading shall be located within ten (10) feet of a residential building.

e. Entrances and exits of driveways to a parking or truck loading area shall be paved and shall include turning areas, and shall be so designed as to assure ease of mobility, ample clearance and safety of vehicles and pedestrians.

f. A parking or truck loading area shall be surfaced with portland cement concrete of bituminous cover graded so as to prevent an accumulation of water on the surface of the areas. In no case shall drainage of any sort be permitted across the public walk into the roadway.

g. A parking area shall be illuminated, as specified in Section 40:4-14 and shall be shielded to protect motorists on the adjacent or adjoining residential properties from resulting glare.

h. Automotive Lift Design Standards.

1. For all automotive lifts, the standards enumerated in the New Jersey Uniform Construction Code (N.J.A.C. 5:23-12) shall apply.

2. The applicant shall certify that any permitted automotive lift shall comply with the most current ANSI/ALI ALOIM "Safety Requirements for the Operation, Inspection, and Maintenance of Automotive Lifts" and provide a plan for ongoing operation, inspection and maintenance.

(R.O. 1966 C.S. 16:9-37; Ord. 6 S+FG, 11-6-91; Ord. 6 S+FH, 1-6-99; Ord. 6 PSF-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

Any use such as a bank or gasoline station that provides or expects to provide temporary stopping space or maneuvering space for vehicles or patrons seeking service for their cars, shall show such space on the site plan. A gasoline station shall provide at least two (2) stopping spaces per pump. A bank shall provide at least eight (8) stopping spaces per drive-in teller station. All such stopping spaces shall be located so as not to block any entrance or exit driveway. Stopping spaces shall be at least twenty (20) feet long and eight (8) feet wide and shall be located entirely within the confines of the lot. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-38; Ord. 6 PSF-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

On the recommendation of the Director of Engineering, in order to facilitate the safe and efficient movement of traffic into and out of a site, the Central Planning Board or Board of Adjustment may require the installation of traffic control devices at designated locations on the site. Where required on the site, all devices must conform with the current manual on uniform traffic control devices. The pro-rated cost of the off-site improvements shall be borne by the developer. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-39; Ord. 6 PSF-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

Sidewalks are an important element in the circulation pattern. They shall be required wherever foot traffic is generated.

Sidewalks may be considered a part of the recreational system. Senior citizens use them for walking as do parents pushing carriages. Young children use sidewalks for skating and riding tricycles and other wheeled toys. Sidewalks shall generally meet the following requirements:

a. Sidewalks shall connect the main entrance of each building with the street or with the interior road giving access to the building. Sidewalks shall be provided wherever needed to protect the safety of pedestrians. All new sidewalks shall be constructed to match with the existing sidewalks, driveways and curb elevation within the public rights-of-way and shall meet the requirements of the Director of Engineering.

b. Pedestrian walks and sitting areas shall be surfaced so that they will be easily maintained and properly illuminated.

c. The entire route or alignment of pedestrian walks shall be visible from a street or other public ways.

d. A private pedestrian walk shall have a minimum paved width of four (4) feet, and if dedicated to the City as a public walk shall have an easement within a minimum of five (5) feet.

e. Handicap and bicycle curb cuts shall be designed into all sidewalk designs consistent with the approval of the Director of Engineering. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-40; Ord. 6 PS F-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

All signage shall comply with Title XL, Section 40:10-1 in the Zoning Ordinance of the Municipal Code of the City of Newark, New Jersey. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-41; Ord. 6 PS F-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

Landscaping shall be provided for all residential, commercial, and industrial sites. Landscaping is required to meet the following objectives:

a. Architectural Use. Landscaping may be used to form walks, corridors, canopies, or floors of varying heights and densities. Planting shall be used as barriers to provide private, semi-private, and public space within planned unit developments, cluster housing, etc.

b. Engineering Use. Landscaping may be used to control lighting, glare, and reflection, noise, soil erosion, provide for drainage control through the use of swales, and recharge areas, and for climate control for purposes of shading, wind reduction, snowfencing and insulation for buildings.

c. Aesthetic Use. Landscaping shall be used to provide buffers and screening for parking areas, loading zones, refuse collection areas, and to enhance building design.

d. A site plan shall include the delineation of any existing trees which are three (3) inches in diameter as measured three (3) feet above the base of the tree whenever possible.

e. Plantings shall be a mixture of flowering and decorative types including deciduous and/or coniferous trees. Ground cover may include grass or other low growing plantings which will serve specific objectives for the site.

f. Trees planted along streets shall be spaced thirty-five (35) feet center on center and shall be three (3) inches to four (4) inches in diameter which shall be measured three (3) feet from the ground level after planting. Those types of plants used as buffer zones and screening for parking lots should be planted at a minimum initial height of four (4) feet and be of sufficient initial height as to be effective upon planting.

Applicants shall request permission from the Director of Engineering to plant trees in the sidewalk area outside the property lines of the site as public improvements. Such plantings, as approved, will be subject to planting requirements and assurances as required by the Director of Engineering and this chapter. This permission shall be in writing and should be made when the site plan application is submitted.

g. Plans shall clearly indicate all existing trees and their size in inches of diameter at breast height (dbh), to be removed due to the construction for which the applicant is seeking permission. The developer must provide, on-site, replacement trees, the combined cross sectional area of which measured at diameter at breast height, must be equal to or greater than the area or combined areas as measured in cross section of trees removed. All replacement frees, as to species and type, are to be approved by the Director of Engineering and shall be planted at a minimum initial diameter of three (3) inches (dbh). If the site cannot accommodate the number of trees hereby required as replacement, the developer shall be required to pay to a special fluid, known as the Tree Planning and Preservation Fund, an amount determined by the Director of Engineering to be equal to the value of the frees.

Nothing contained therein shall prevent the Central Planning Board from requiring additions or revisions to the landscape plan for the development. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-42; Ord. 6 S+FC, 1-17-90; Ord. 6 PS F-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

a. All automobile and truck parking lots whether public or private, residential, commercial, or industrial parking lots shall be effectively screened by attractive decorative landscaping, the purpose of which is to screen from public view cars and trucks within the parking area in an aesthetically pleasing manner.

Only nursery grown planting stock, free of disease shall be used. Evergreen coniferous shrubbery or frees shall be planted four (4) feet on centers where used as a screening device. Special design effort shall be made to protect, save and utilize healthy stands or singular frees three (3) inches or more in caliper.

b. Wheelguards shall be constructed for all sites. These guards shall be positioned to prevent damage to fencing and landscaping along the property line and to ensure pedestrian safety wherever necessary.

(R.O. 1966 § 16:9-43; Ord. 6 PSF-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

a. Street Lighting. Unnecessary lighting should be avoided, but lighting essential for security or safety should always be provided.

The minimum level of illumination for residential areas should be within the range of 0.4 to 1.0 average maintained footcandle. For commercial or industrial areas, the minimum level of illumination should be within the range of 1.0 to 1.6 within the range of 3:1 to 4:1 where the average intensity is 0.6 footcandle or greater, and no worse than 6:1 where the intensity is lower than 0.6 footcandle.

b. Off-Street Lighting Adequate lighting shall be provided to ensure the safe movement of persons and vehicles, and provide security: Lighting design shall conform to standards presented in the current edition of the Illuminating Engineering Society Lighting Handbook Lighting shall be designed to minimize glare and reflection on adjacent properties. The type of lighting provided shall be consistent with the existing street light in the immediate area of the site.

(R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-44; Ord. 6 PS F-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)

a. All sanitary utilities shall be separately conveyed from on-tract storm water facilities, and shall be separately connected to the municipal sewerage system. A minimum internal pipe size of four (4) inches shall be used within all public rights-of-way, or of City easements. The materials and design shall be as approved by Title VII, State Uniform Construction Code, as adopted by the City. [7:1-1 et seq.]

b. All industrial users and/or major industry as defined under Title XXXII, Sewers and Sewage Disposal of these Revised General Ordinances shall comply with the regulations therein as well as the requirements of this chapter.

c. Sanitary waste loads from residential and commercial uses shall be calculated by the methods defined in the BOCA National Plumbing Code, or by utilizing per capita per day water consumption. Per capita per day consumption shall be assumed in all such calculations.

d. Pipes shall be designed with full flow velocities ranging from a minimum of two and one-half (2.5) feet per second and a maximum often (10) feet per second. (R.O. 1966 C.S. § 16:9-45; Ord. 6 PS F-A(S), 7-14-09 Exh. A)