A. Purpose.

The governing body of the Borough of Shrewsbury does herein find that the regulation of outdoor lighting in the Borough is necessary to prevent misdirected or excessive artificial light, caused by inappropriate or misaligned light fixtures that produce glare; light trespass, and/or unnecessary sky glow; and also that such regulation is necessary to discourage the waste of electricity and to improve or -maintain nighttime .public safety, utility,-and security.

B. Definitions.

AUTOMATIC TIMING DEVICES - A switching device, a part of which is a clock, set to the prevailing time (Eastern Standard Time or Daylight Savings Time), that will control the period of illuminating outdoor light fixtures and outdoor signs.

FOOTCANDLE - The illuminance on a surface of one square foot in area on which there is uniformly distributed a light flux of one lumen.

GLARE - The sensation produced by luminance within the visual field that is sufficiently greater than the luminance to which the eyes are adopted to cause annoyance, discomfort, or loss of visual performance and visibility.

IESNA -Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. An organization that recommends standards for the lighting industry.

LIGHT TRESPASS - Any form of artificial illuminance emanating from a light fixture or illuminating sign that penetrates other property and creates a nuisance, as specified in Section 3C.

LUMEN - A unit of measure of the quantity of light which falls on an area of one square foot every part of which is one foot from the source of one candela (candle). A light source of one candela emits a total of 12.57 lumens.

MOTION SENSOR DEVICE - A device that will sense motion electronically and switch on security lighting for a brief duration.

OBJECTIONABLE DIRECT GLARE SOURCE - Any direct glare source offensively visible above a height of five (5) feet at the subject property line.

OUTDOOR LIGHT FIXTURE - An electrically powered illuminating device containing a total light source of more than 1800 initial lumens per fixture (this is greater than a single 100 watt incandescent, or two 75 watt reflectorized incandescent bulbs) which is permanently installed outdoors, including, devices used to illuminate any site, architectural structure or sign.

SHIELDED LIGHT FIXTURE - A light fixture with cutoff optics that allows no direct light emissions above a vertical cutoff angle of 90 degrees above nadir (straight down at-perfect vertical) for street-lighting-and 80-degrees for all other lighting, through the fixture's lowest emitting part. Any structural part of the light fixture providing this cutoff angle must be permanently affixed.

C. Outdoor light fixtures.

All outdoor light fixtures installed and thereafter maintained other than those serving one of two family dwellings, shall comply with the requirements specified below.

1. Where used for security purposes or to illuminate walkways, roadways, and parking lots, only shielded light fixtures shall be used.

2. Where used for commercial and industrial purposes such as in merchandise display areas, work areas, platforms, signs architectural, landscape, or sport or recreational facilities, all lights shall be equipped with automatic timing devices and comply with the following:

a. Light fixtures to illuminate flags, statutes, or any other objects mounted on a pole, pedestal, or platform, shall use a narrow cone beam of light that will not extend beyond the illuminated object.

b. Other upward directed architectural, landscape, and decorative light emissions shall have at least ninety (90) percent of their total distribution pattern within the profile of the illuminated structure.

c. Recreational and sports facility lighting shall be shielded whenever possible.

Such lighting shall have directional and glare control devices, when necessary, to comply with Section 3.

d. Externally illuminated signs including commercial billboard, building identification or similar illuminated signs, shall comply with the following:

(i) Top mounted fixtures shall be shielded and are preferred.

(ii) When top mounted fixtures are not feasible, illumination from other shielded light fixtures shall be restricted to the sign area. Visors or other directional control devices shall be used to keep spill light to an absolute- minimum:

e. All other outdoor lighting shall use shielded light fixtures.

3. All floodlight type of fixtures, once properly installed shall be permanently affixed in the appropriate position.

4. Foundations supporting lighting poles not installed 4 feet behind the curb, shall be not less than 24 inches above ground.

D. Light Trespass.

All light fixtures, except streetlighting and those used on one or two family dwellings, shall be designed, installed, and maintained to prevent light trespass, as specified in 1. and 2. below.

1. At the property line of subject property, illumination from light fixtures shall not exceed 0.1 footcandles on residentially zoned property or 0.5 footcandles on business zoned property, in a vertical plane.

2. Outdoor light fixtures properly installed and thereafter maintained shall be shielded and directed so that there will be no objectionable direct light emissions.

(Note) Light fixtures near adjacent property may require special shielding devices to prevent light trespass.

E. Illuminance and luminance requirements shall be set forth in the current edition of the IESNA Lighting Handbook.

1. Streetlighting - Avenue IESNA illuminance recommendations shall not be exceeded. IESNA average to minimum illuminance uniform ratios are to be used as a guide for. designing safe and adequate roadway lighting.

2. Outdoor Parking Facilities - Outdoor parking lot illuminances shall be based on certain illuminance specifications recommended by the IESNA, as contained in Schedule A.

3. Freestanding lighting standards or poles for outdoor parking lots shall not exceed by more than ten (10) feet the height of adjacent buildings served by the parking lot.

4 All major-pedestrian-walkways and sidewalks which are not within a street right-of-way or abutting a private internal street serviced by street lighting and which are used by the public after sunset shall be illuminated with a minimum lighting level of one-half (1/2) horizontal footcandles average at the surface of the walk.

5. All other illuminance shall not exceed IESNA recommendations, and shall use shielded light fixtures as necessary.

6. Internally illuminated signs shall not exceed IESNA recommendations.

F. Outdoor Lighting Energy Conservation.

1. All outdoor lighting not necessary for security purposes shall be reduced, activated by motion sensor or turned off during non-operating hours.

Illuminated signs are excluded from this requirement.

2. All lighting shall be designed to prevent misdirected or excessive artificial light and to maximize energy efficiency.

G. Illuminated Signs.

All illuminated signs shall comply with the provisions of this ordinance as well as those of §94-8.34. Signs and Flagpoles.

H. Submission Of Plans.

Plans and evidence of compliance shall include the following:

1. A description of outdoor light fixtures including component specifications such as lamps, reflectors, optics, angle of cutoff, supports, poles and include manufacturers catalog cuts.

2. Location and description of every light fixture and hours of operation.

3. Maintained horizontal illuminance shown as footcandles (after depreciation).

a. Maximum.

b. Minimum.

c. Average, during operating and non-operating hours.

d. Average to minimum uniformity ratio.

4. Computer generated photometric grid showing footcandle readings every ten (10) feet and the average footcandles.

5. Foundation details for light poles.

6. When not using IESNA recommendation, submit reasons and supply supporting documentation.

I. Prohibitions.

Searchlights or flashing or animated signs are prohibited, other than for a period of seven (7) days of the opening of a new establishment.

SCHEDULE "A" Maintained Illuminance for Parking Lots

1. Minimum horizontal illuminance shall be no lower than 0.2 fc.

2. Average horizontal illuminance shall not exceed 2.5 fc.

3. Uniformity ratios are to be used as a guide.

4. Minimum vertical illuminance shall be measured at 5.0 feet above parking surface at the point of lowest horizontal illuminance, excluding facing outward along borders.

5. For typical conditions. During periods of non-use, the illuminance of certain parking facilities should be turned off or reduced to conserve energy. If reduced lighting to be used only for the purpose of property security, it is desirable that the minimum (low point) not be less than 0.1 hfc. Reductions should not be applied to facilities subject to intermittent night use, such as apartments, hospitals and active transportation areas.

6. If personal security or vandalism is a likely and or severe problem, an increase above the Basic level may be appropriate.

7. High vehicular traffic locations should generally require the Enhanced Level of illumination. Exits, entrances, internal connecting roadways and such would be some examples.

8. Increasing the above illuminance is not likely to increase safety and security. Variance requests for higher levels will generally be for "retail" reasons and should not be granted unless shown to be necessary and at an illuminance not to exceed 3.6 footcandles.

**Webmasters Note: The previous section 94-8.22 has been amended as per Ordinance No. 793.

A. Unless otherwise provided in this chapter, lot area and dimensions shall not be less than the requirements of the respective zoning districts as set forth in this chapter.

(1) The municipal agency may require larger lots where additional area will partially or completely eliminate the necessity of changes in grade, which, in the opinion of the Board, would cause unreasonable destruction of the topography or environment or would create drainage or erosion problems.

(2) The municipal agency may require larger lots adjacent to collector or arterial streets where, in the opinion of the Board, the larger lots would promote the health, safety and general welfare of the public and the residents of the development.

(3) The municipal agency may require larger lots where such lots are plotted on a tract or tracts containing tidal or freshwater wetlands, steep slopes in excess of eight percent (8%), lakes and ponds, stream corridors, floodways and floodplains. Where such conditions exist, the Board may require that each lot contain an area unencumbered by the aforementioned conditions equal to the minimum area requirement of the respective zone district.

B. Insofar as is practical, side lot lines shall be at right angles to straight streets and radial to curved streets.

C. Lot line on widened street. Where extra width is to be provided for the widening of existing streets, lot measurements shall begin at the proposed right-of- way line, and all setbacks shall be measured from such lines unless otherwise provided by this chapter.

D. Unsuitable lots. All lots shall be suitable for the purpose for which they are intended to be used. To prevent the use of lots which are not suitable because of adverse topography, flood conditions, shallow depth to water table or similar circumstances:

(1) The municipal agency may withhold approval of such lots or require revisions in a layout of the subdivision to provide that the area of the unsuitable lot is included in other lots by increasing the size of the remaining lots.

(2) Unsuitable lots may be included in an area to be deeded to the borough or other public or quasi-public body and will be held in its natural state for conservation and/or recreation purposes.

(3) Some other suitable arrangement could be derived to alleviate the condition.

E. A minimum of five (5) substantially different front elevations with varied setbacks, as approved by the municipal agency, shall be used for dwellings in each subdivision.

F. Only those trees shall be removed as shall be necessary to permit construction of streets, driveways, lawns and dwellings and other authorized structures.

G. In accordance with the Tax Map Specifications of the State of New Jersey, dated May 1975, prepared by the State of New Jersey, Department of the Treasury, as amended, subdivided lots and blocks shall generally bear the original numbers with a decimal and a number added as a subscript. Lot and block numbers shall be assigned by the Borough Tax Assessor. A line shall be provided on the map for the Tax Assessor to sign acknowledging that he (she) has assigned the lot and block numbers.

H. House numbers shall be assigned to each lot prior to final plat approval by the municipal agency.

I. Lot frontage. Each lot shall front on an approved street accepted or to be accepted by the borough.

J. All structures must be accessible by means of an approved driveway. The driveway must be not less than ten (10) feet wide and must have a center-line grade of not less than five tenths percent (0.5%) and not greater than ten percent (10%).

For all non-single-family uses, driveways must provide turnarounds to eliminate the necessity of any vehicle backing onto any street.

Monuments shall be of a size and shape required by N.J.S.A. 46:239.11 and N.J.A.C. 13:40-5.1, and amendments and supplements thereto, and shall be placed in accordance with said statute and Administrative Code. In addition to the required monuments after the grading is finished. the developer shall install a solid steel stake one (1) inch in diameter and thirty (30) inches in length on lot corners, lot line angle points or other changes in direction not marked by monuments and at all angle points or discontinuities in easement lines where such easements are not parallel to property lines.

A. For every building, structure or park thereof having over five thousand (5,000) square feet of gross floor area erected and occupied for commerce, business, hospital, laundry, dry cleaning, places of public and quasi-public assembly, industry and other similar uses involved in the receipt and distribution by vehicles of materials, or merchandise, there shall be provided and permanently maintained adequate spaces for standing, loading and unloading services in order to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets or alleys.

(1) Every building, structure or addition thereto having a use which complies with the above definition shall be pro-tided with at least one (1) truck standing, loading and unloading space on the premises, not less than twelve (12) feet in width, thirty- five (35) feet in length and fourteen (14) feet in height.

(2) Such buildings that contain an excess of fifteen thousand square feet of gross building area will be required to provide additional off-street loading spaces as determined by the municipal agency during site plan review.

B. No part of any off-street truck loading or unloading space and backup area shall be located within the right-of-way of the public street, including the sidewalk area. Off-street truck loading and unloading spaces will be located and designed to permit any truck to maneuver from a driveway into and out of such space without encroaching upon any portion of a public street, existing or proposed right-of- way, including the sidewalk.

C. Whenever an off-street loading and unloading area shall be located next to a residential zone, said loading and unloading area shall be suitably screened and buffered subject to approval by the municipal agency.

D. Off-street loading and unloading areas shall be surfaced with an adequately designed durable, all-weather pavement of either bituminous concrete or portland cement concrete, clearly marked for loading spaces.

E. Access to truck standing, loading and unloading spaces shall be provided directly from a public street or alley or from a right-of-way that will not interfere with public convenience and will permit orderly and safe movement of truck vehicles.

F. Loading spaces as required under this section shall be provided in addition to off-street parking spaces and shall not be considered as supplying off-street parking spaces.

G. Unless otherwise permitted, fire zones shall not be used as standing. loading or unloading areas.

H. Off-street loading and unloading areas shall conform. as applicable. to all design and locational standards set forth for off-street parking, including but not limited to those set forth in § 94-8.26 of this chapter.