A. Minimum Basis for Calculations for Design Storm Frequency.

1. For closed conduits, five (5) years; or if the above results in a conduit size at least equivalent to a twenty-one (21") inch reinforced concrete pipe, then ten (10) years; or if the above results in a conduit size at least equivalent to a thirty (30") inch reinforced concrete pipe, then twenty-five (25) years; or if the above results in a conduit size at least equivalent to a fifty-four (54") inch reinforced concrete pipe, then fifty (50) years.

2. For open channels ten (10) years; or if the tributary area exceeds three hundred twenty (320) acres, then twenty-five (25) years; or if the tributary area exceeds two hundred fifty (250) acres, then fifty (50) years. The flooding limits for storms with a return period of twice the design storm shall be determined for all open channels. Such limits shall be the drainage or conservation easements delineated on the plat.

3. For detention facilities, a twenty-four (24) hour flood with a return period not less than fifty (50) years or, if the tributary area exceeds fifty (50) acres, then one hundred (100) years.

4. For retention facilities, double the capacity obtained by applying the requirements for detention facilities.

5. For gutter flow calculations, ten (10) years for local, local collector and minor collector streets, twenty-five (25) years for major collectors and minor arterials and fifty (50) years for principal arterials.

B. Runoff determinations should be made using the rational formula or, in unusual cases, other methods with the prior approval of the Township Engineer. Upstream areas should be considered based on their full development potential according to current zoning or the current use, whichever produces the greatest runoff. Runoff coefficients used should generally fall in the following ranges:

C. Velocity Restrictions.

In general, velocities in closed conduits at design flow should be at least two and one-half (2.5') feet per second, but not more than velocity which will cause erosion damage to the conduit and velocities in open channels at design flow shall not be less than one and one-half (1.5') feet per second and not greater than that velocity which will begin to cause erosion or scouring of the channel.

1. For unlined earth channels, the maximum velocity allowed will be two (2') feet per second. For other channels sufficient design data and soil tests to determine the character of the channel shall be made to developer and shall be made available to the Township Engineer at the time of drainage review.

2. At transitions between closed conduits and open channels or different types of open channels suitable provisions must be made to accommodate the velocity transitions. These provisions may include rip-rapping, gabions, lining, aprons, chutes and checks, or others, all suitable detailed and approved as part of the final plat submission.

3. For all flow of forty (40) cubic feet per second or more, tailwater depth and velocity calculations shall be submitted.

D. In general, the Manning formula will be used by the Township Engineer to review the adequacy of proposed drainage facilities.

1. Other formulas may be used in particular cases with the previous agreement of the Board.

2. A friction factor (n) of 0.012 will be used for nonporous concrete pipe; a factor of 0.024 will be used for fully coated corrugated metal pipe with paved invert.

3. Commensurate factors will be used for other pipe type or shapes.

4. A friction factor (n) not less than 0.012 will be used for fully lined concrete channels; a factor not less than 0.025 will be used for good earth channels and a factor not less than five hundredths will be used for fair to poor natural streams and watercourses.

5. Commensurate factors will be used for other channel types.

E. All drainage facilities carrying runoff from tributary areas larger than one-half (1/2) square mile must have the approval of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Policy and Supply. Evidence of such approval shall be required to be submitted prior to the final approval of the site plan.

F. All encroachments of natural waterways must be referred to the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Resources for approval in accordance with statute. The State may retain jurisdiction in which case a permit will be necessary as set forth above or may refer the matter to the County Engineer for review.

G. Storm drainage systems shall be designed to include not only the proper drainage of the actual area of the specific development and the area tributary thereto, but shall also include the disposal of the stormwater runoff to an adequate outlet or other means of final disposal of the stormwater, such as an ocean, river, running stream, lagoon or an existing adequate storm sewer.

H. Whenever sump conditions occur, an analysis shall be made of the effect of the occurrence of a major storm having at least 100-year return frequency. The effect of such storm and the flooding limits anticipated shall be shown. Site design, grading, and drainage, shall anticipate such major storm and be so arranged so as to prevent damage to existing or proposed structures or adjacent properties under such conditions.

[Ord. No. 98-2529]

A. All major and minor arterial, collector, local collector, local and marginal access streets shall be designed in accordance with the proposals contained in the Master Plan of the Township and/or in accordance with this subsection.

1. Upon receipt by the Municipal Agency of any subdivisions or site plans calling for the installation of new streets or the extension of old streets, the plats shall be referred to the Township Fire Advisory Board and a representative of the Township Police Department for review.

a. They shall make recommendations as to the acceptable minimum widths of each street and shall base the recommendations upon such factors as the location, proposed use and intensity of traffic, with an emphasis upon safety considerations of both a fire and police nature.

b. These recommendations shall be submitted to the Township Planner to be considered in conjunction with such studies and statistics and other data which the Planner shall have assembled as a basis for determining minimum street widths within the Township.

2. The design and location of local, collector, arterial and minor or marginal access streets shall be determined by the Municipal Agency in their review of the applications so as to conform to the "Schedule of Street Design Standards" (see Figure No. 5).

3. The enumerated standards are to be construed as minimum standards and may be increased where, because of high traffic volumes, steep grades or other such reasons, the Municipal Agency determines that such action is necessary.

4. In residential subdivisions, the minimum street width required by the attached "Schedule of Street Design Standards" shall only be the minimum for certain minor streets designed solely to allow access by residents to their homes. The minimum width of any street in the Township of Middletown is not to be less than thirty-six (36') feet.

B. The arrangement of streets not shown on the Master Plan or Official Map shall be such as to provide for the appropriate extension and/or realignment of existing streets except that local and collector streets should only be extended when such extension is necessary and the Municipal Agency concurs that such extension will promote safety and conform to the street standards contained elsewhere in this Chapter.

C. Where developments abut existing roadways, sufficient right-of-way shall be reserved to provide the right-of-way width proposed for the functional classification of the street in question.

1. Subdivisions and site plans that adjoin or include existing streets that do not conform to widths as shown on the Master Plan or Official Map of the street width requirements of this Chapter shall dedicate additional width along either one (1) or both sides of said road.

2. If the subdivision and site plan is along one (1) side only, one-half (1/2) of the required extra width shall be dedicated.

a. The additional dedicated width when improved shall have a foundation course which shall be constructed by two and one-half (2 1/2") inches broken stone compacted to a depth of six (6") inches.

b. The wearing surface shall be constructed of two (2") inches of bituminous concrete from the centerline of said road to the newly installed curbs and blended into the existing pavement on the opposite side of the centerline.

c. Where the new wearing surface meets the old, it shall be treated with asphaltic oil type RC 2 or 3 and covered with three-eights (3/8") inch broken stone to assure a tight bond.

3. The new cross section for the existing road shall be constructed so as to provide a parabolic contour constructed to the satisfaction of the Township Engineer.

D. Local streets shall be designed in accordance with the schedule of street design standards and the requirements contained herein.

1. No street or road shall be designed which has an elevation at the centerline of less than twelve (12') feet above mean low tide and as indicated by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

2. Local streets shall be arranged so that there exists a minimum possibility of their use by traffic which does not have its origin or destination at the lots to which the local streets provide access.

3. Cul-de-sacs (dead end streets) should have a centerline length, from the intersecting street centerline to the center point of the turnaround of the cul-de-sac of not less than one hundred (100') feet nor longer than six hundred (600') feet and should not provide access to more than twenty-five (25) lots.

a. They shall provide an end turnaround with a pavement radius of not less than fifty (50') feet and a property line radius of not less than sixty (60') feet and tangent whenever possible to the right side of the street, when viewed toward the closed end.

b. In the event it is contemplated that a dead end street shall be extended in the future, a temporary turnaround, meeting the aforementioned design criteria shall be required, and provisions made future extension of the street and reversion of the excess right-of-way to the adjoining properties.

4. Loop streets should provide access to not more than forty-five (45) lots.

a. Except that where access is provided by a combination of a short loop street and cul-de-sac, the maximum shall be sixty (60) lots, provided that the length of the loop street alone will not exceed three thousand (3,000') feet.

b. Loop streets shall have both of their termini located on the same street.

5. P-loops, which are loop streets with a single access point, should have an entrance not exceeding seven hundred (700') feet in distance from the loop intersection.

a. There should also be provided an emergency vehicular and pedestrian right-of-way of fifteen (15') feet minimum width from the loop providing access to a street which is not a part of the P-loop.

b. The loop of a P-loop should have a street length not exceeding three thousand (3,000') feet.

c. P-loops should provide access to no more than sixty (60) lots and the entrance street should be designed in accordance with the design standards for collector streets.

6. Artificial modifications in street rights-of-way for the purpose of increasing lot frontage shall be prohibited. Such prohibited modification shall include, but not be limited to, widening the right-of-way of a continuous street through the use of semicircular projections.

7. Use of reduced paving width may be considered by the review agency when a cul-de-sac or loop street provides access to twenty-five (25) or fewer lots, where, by reason of topography, physical features or other conditions of the reduced paving width would substantially reduce disruption of the development's environment.

a. In no case shall the paving width of a two-way cul-de-sac or loop street be reduced to less than thirty (30') feet.

b. Such one-way streets with reduced paving width are subject to the review and approval of the Traffic Bureau of the New Jersey Department of Transportation.

c. Such review and approval must be obtained by the developer before approval of a final plat will be granted.

8. No new street, road or right-of-way created as part of a subdivision or site plan shall be permitted within ten (10') feet of a side or rear lot line of an adjoining parcel not included as part of the development.

E. In any development, it shall be the duty of the Municipal Agency to approve classification of proposed streets according to their use, and in accordance with the Federal classification of roadways. In making decisions, the review agency shall refer to the Master Plan and the Monmouth County Planning Board classification of roadways and shall consider conditions within the development and the surrounding areas and shall use as a guide the street classification and criteria contained herein.

1. A local street is a street serving only single-family residences and where feasible should be either a cul-de-sac or a loop street meeting the requirements hereinabove set forth.

a. A street which serves traffic having origins and destinations other than within the lots which abut the street shall not be considered a local street.

b. The traffic normally expected on a local street shall be four hundred (400) vehicles per day.

2. A collector street is generally a street gathering traffic from local streets and feeding it into a system of arterial highways.

a. Even if laid out as a local street, a street should be considered a collector street if it provides access or could provide access to more than one hundred fifty (150) lots, or would be utilized by traffic other than residential in nature.

b. Collector streets should generally be expected to carry traffic volumes of approximately three thousand (3,000) vehicles per day.

c. The design speed of collector streets, for alignment and sight distance purposes, should be fifty (50) miles per hour.

3. Arterials are any Federal, State or County highway or municipal street or road intended to carry traffic between other arterials and from the Township to destinations outside the Township.

a. Arterial highways should have a design speed fifty-five (55) miles per hour and should be designed to carry traffic exceeding ten thousand (10,000) vehicles per day.

4. Expressways are high speed, high capacity, limited access highways devoted entirely to the movement of motor vehicles and provide no direct access to abutting properties. They generally traverse large areas, often an entire state, and connect with the freeways of adjoining states. Design features include the separation of opposing traffic lanes by a continuous center barrier or median strip, and full access control and grade separation at intersections or interchanges which are generally widely spaced. Expressways usually have right-of-way widths in excess of one hundred fifty (150') feet, carry multiple lanes of traffic in each direction, and are generally designed for a capacity of between one thousand (1,000) and one thousand five hundred (1,500) vehicles per lane per hour.

5. Street classifications will be approved by the Municipal Agency in accordance with the foregoing definitions, in accordance with the provisions of the Master Plan and Official Map, if such be adopted, in accordance with the provisions of applicable County and State regulations or plans or, in the absence of specific information from the above, in accordance with its own best judgment concerning the use to which the various streets in any development will be put.

F. In any subdivision abutting or being traversed by a collector street or arterial highway, one (1) of the following conditions shall be required as the Board deems appropriate.

1. A marginal street meeting the classifications herein for a local street shall be provided along each collector, or arterial highway, and shall be separated from the collector or arterial highway by a landscaped strip at least twenty-five (25') feet in width.

2. The frontage of all lots abutting the collector or arterial highway shall be reversed so that the lots will front on an internal local street; a natural wooded or landscaped buffer strip at least fifty (50') feet in width will be provided on the abutting lots along the right-of-way of the collector or arterial highway. The area of such buffer strip shall not be considered part of the required minimum lot size.

3. All lots abutting collector streets may, in lieu of the above, be provided with suitable driveway turnarounds eliminating any necessity for vehicles to back into the collector street.

4. Other means of providing a satisfactory buffer separating through and local traffic shall be provided as may be deemed proper by the Municipal Agency.

5. Dwellings on corner lots shall have their driveway access on the roadway designed and intended to carry the lesser amount of traffic.

G. Street design standards shall be appropriate to the expected use of the street, soil, topographical and other physical conditions, and to the maintenance of the purposes of this Chapter, but shall not be less than those set forth herein and also in the Schedule of Street Design Standards (Figure No. 5). All streets shall be constructed and graded and surfaced in accordance with these standards and specifications.

Figure 5 Schedule of Street Design Standards

NOTES:

(1) Shoulders or parking areas as may be required.

(2) When dissimilar streets intersect, the larger radius will be used.

(3) For sight distance and vertical curve calculation only.

(4) As required to run our superelevation (1% per sec. of travel at design speed).

(5) Not required if algebraic difference of intersecting grades does not exceed 1.

(6) Except in superelevation areas.

(7) 6" crown.

(8) 8" crown.

1. All topsoil shall be stripped from the proposed subgrade. The subgrade when completed, shall be true to the lines, grades and cross sections given on the plan accompanying the road profile.

a. After the profile has been shaped correctly, it shall be brought to a firm, unyielding surface by rolling entire surface with a three-wheel power roller weighing not less than ten (10) tons.

b. All soft and spongy places shall be excavated to such a depth as shall be necessary to stabilize the foundation of the road and refilled solidly with subbase consisting of broken stone, broken slag, gravel, suitable earth or sand as directed by the Township Engineer.

c. All loose rock or boulders shall be removed or broken off six (6") inches below the subgrade surface. All stumps and roots shall be removed in their entirely.

d. This shall be done before completing the rolling of the entire surface of the subgrade.

2. Embankments (fills) shall be formed of suitable material placed in successive layers of not more than twelve (12") inches in depth for the full width of the cross section and shall be compacted by distributing uniformly over each succeeding layer, or by rolling with a ten (10) ton roller as directed by the Township Engineer, to a compaction sufficient to prevent settling.

a. Stumps, trees, rubbish, and any other unsuitable materials or substance shall not be placed in the fill.

b. The fill shall be allowed to thoroughly settle before constructing the pavement upon it and must be approved by the Township Engineer.

3. French underdrains shall be installed where the character and composition of the earth in the roadbed itself or adjacent terrain renders such installation necessary.

a. These underdrains shall consist of vitrified tile, perforated metal pipe of porous wall concrete pipe, to be of a minimum diameter of six (6") inches and to be laid in the bottom of a trench at such depth and width as shall be necessary in view of the conditions involved.

b. The trench shall then be filled with clean washed gravel or broken stone or other equivalent porous material approved by the Township Engineer.

c. The stone shall be covered with a layer of salt hay minimum of one (1") inch thick or approved filter fabric and the remainder of the trench filled with suitable earth properly compacted.

4. No pavement shall be laid unless the subgrade has been thoroughly inspected by the Township Engineer and approved by him.

a. Foundation course shall be constructed of two and one-half (2 1/2") inches of broken stone which shall be compacted to a depth of six (6") inches said stone shall be bound with broken stone screenings in accordance with the latest New Jersey State Department of Transportation specifications.

b. Prior to the application of the wearing surface, the foundation course shall be treated with a surface treatment, consisting of asphaltic oil for the appropriate season of the year, at a rate satisfactory to the Township Engineer.

5. The surface or wearing course shall be bituminous concrete type FABC with a minimum thickness of not less than one and one-half (1-1/2") inches. The bituminous concrete shall be laid with a power operated paving machine such as a Barber-Greene or equal, approved by the Township Engineer.

6. Pavement shall be installed from curb to curb except in unusual conditions of terrain and where otherwise required as determined by the Township Engineer.

7. Materials, inspection and general requirements which pertain to this section are as follows:

a. All material and appurtenances unless otherwise specified herein, shall comply with the requirements set forth in the current New Jersey State Department of Transportation specifications.

b. The work shall be inspected throughout the course of construction by the Township Engineer or his duly authorized representatives, who shall be notified in writing twenty-four (24) hours before any work is started or continued.

c. The requirements herein shall be considered as minimum requirements for street improvements. Where special circumstances or condition of drainage, terrain, character of soil or otherwise, require different construction or materials, such construction or materials shall be determined by the Township Engineer.

d. All subsurface utilities shall be installed prior to the application of the wearing surface on the streets.

H. Street Intersections Shall Be Designed According to the Standards Contained Herein.

1. No more than two (2) streets shall cross the same point. Street intersections, shall be at right angles wherever possible, and intersections of less than sixty (60) degrees (measured at the centerline of streets) shall not be permitted.

2. Local streets should not enter the same side of collector streets at intervals of less than five hundred (500') feet, or arterials at intervals of less than one thousand two hundred (1,200') feet.

3. Street jogs with centerline offsets of less than one hundred twenty-five (125') feet shall be avoided. Streets which enter collectors or arterials from opposite sides shall be directly opposite to each other or must be separated by at least three hundred (300') feet between their centerlines measured along the centerline of an intersected collector; or five hundred (500') feet along the centerline of an arterial.

4. Four-way (cross) intersections involving minor or collector streets shall be avoided.

5. Approaches of any collector or arterial street to any intersection of another collector or arterial street shall be tangent or have a centerline radius greater than five thousand (5,000') feet for at least five hundred (500') feet from the intersection.

6. Where a collector or arterial street intersects with a collector or arterial street, the right-of-way of each collector shall be widened by ten (10') feet (five (5') feet for each side) for a distance of three hundred (300') feet in all directions from the intersection of the centerlines and the right-of-way of each arterial shall be widened by twenty (20') feet (ten (10') feet each side) for five hundred (500') feet in all directions from the intersection of the centerlines.

7. Approaches of any local street to any other street shall:

a. Be tangent (straight) for a distance of at least fifty (50') feet from the intersection, or

b. Have a centerline radius greater than one thousand (1,000') feet for at least one hundred fifty (150') feet from the intersection, and

c. Have a clear sight of a point three (3') feet high in the intersection for a distance of not less than four hundred (400') feet.

I. Street Layout Should Be in Accordance with the Provisions Contained Herein.

1. Curved local streets are preferred to discourage speed and monotony. The maximum straight line distance should not exceed one thousand (1,000') feet.

2. The Municipal Agency in all cases may require provisions for continuing circulation patterns onto adjacent properties and, for this purpose, may require the provision of stub streets abutting adjacent properties.

3. Residential development areas containing more than one hundred fifty (150) lots should have two (2) access points from collector streets or arterial highways.

4. A tangent at least one hundred (100') feet long shall be introduced between reverse curves on arterial and collector streets.

J. Street names and development names shall not duplicate, nearly duplicate or be phonetically similar to the names of any existing streets or developments in the Township or contiguous areas of other communities. Any continuation of an existing street shall have the same street name.

K. The developer shall complete all improvements to the limits of the development, unless other provisions have been made and approved by the Municipal Agency.

1. In those instances where completion of certain improvements would not be possible until the development of adjacent land takes place, alternate temporary improvements may be constructed subject to the approval of the Municipal Agency.

2. Cash or a certified check representing the difference between the value of the temporary improvements and the required improvements may be accepted by the Township Committee to be credited toward the completion of such improvements at such time as the adjacent land develops.

L. The right-of-way width and other standards for internal roads and alleys in multi-family, commercial and industrial developments shall be determined by the Board on an individual basis and shall in all cases, be of sufficient width and design to safely accommodate maximum traffic, parking and loading needs, and maximum access for fire fighting equipment and shall generally conform to the requirements herein.

M. There shall be no reverse strips or areas controlling access to streets except where control and disposal of the land comprising such strips or areas have been placed in the hands of the governing body under conditions approved by the Planning Board.